Publications and Research

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-24-2022

Abstract

Pharmacological agents that prolong action potential duration (APD) to a larger extent at slow rates than at the fast excitation rates typical of ventricular tachycardia exhibit reverse rate dependence. Reverse rate dependence has been linked to the lack of efficacy of class III agents at preventing arrhythmias because the doses required to have an anti-arrhythmic effect at fast rates may have pro-arrhythmic effects at slow rates due to an excessive APD prolongation. In this report we show that, in computer models of the ventricular action potential, APD prolongation by accelerating phase 2 repolarization (by increasing IKs) and decelerating phase 3 repolarization (by blocking IKr and IK1) results in a robust positive rate dependence (i.e., larger APD prolongation at fast rates than at slow rates). In contrast, APD prolongation by blocking a specific potassium channel type results in reverse rate dependence or a moderate positive rate dependence. Interventions that result in a strong positive rate dependence tend to decrease the repolarization reserve because they require substantial IK1 block. However, limiting IK1 block to ~50% results in a strong positive rate dependence with moderate decrease in repolarization reserve. In conclusion, the use of a combination of IKs activators and IKr and IK1 blockers could result in APD prolongation that potentially maximizes anti-arrhythmic effects (by maximizing APD prolongation at fast excitation rates) and minimizes pro-arrhythmic effects (by minimizing APD prolongation at slow excitation rates).

Comments

Cabo, Candido. “Positive Rate‐dependent Action Potential Prolongation by Modulating Potassium Ion Channels.” Physiological Reports, vol. 10, no. 12, 2022, p. e15356–n/a, https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15356

This is an open access article under the terms of CC BY 4.0 the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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